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When the brain control the airways are not during sleep, the condition is known as Cheyne-Stokes breathing or central sleep apnea.
In a normal, healthy humans, during sleep, breathing is a regular cycle, oxygen and CO2 levels in the blood are reasonably stable. Whereas central sleep apnea, respiratory cycle neurological disorders, because checks are not to regulate, which does not give instruction to inhale. If the pause in breathing is long enough, it results in hypoxia - oxygen component in the circulation drops and hypercapnia on unusual concentration of carbon dioxiderises than normal level.
It can result in a state of cycling between apnea and hyperpnea during wakefulness when carbon dioxide in the blood, and the neurological feedback mechanism to monitor that they are not fast enough to get an even respiratory rate.
Hypoxia and hypercapnia have certain common effects on the body as an increase in heart rate, unless there are other problems of the heart muscle or the autonomic nervous system or to prevent such an increase.
Hypoxia and hypercapnia can lead to brain damage and death, when oxygen in the blood remains very low for a long tome. However, central sleep apnea is not in itself to such terrible consequences.
Overdose of drugs such as heroin, the respiratory system depressants, leading to death by attenuation of activity of the brain respiratory centers. Whereas in cases of severe central sleep apnea, there are breaks, the breathing is irregular and not as a stop breathing completely.
For patients of epilepsy caused by hypoxia apnea may in seizures of drugs previously. For patients of heart disease, a severe drop in blood oxygen causes angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia or heart attack.
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